| Alabama | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–6 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger
- Both restrictions lifted at age 17 and license held for six months
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| Alaska | 14 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 1–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: No passengers younger than age 21
- Both restrictions lifted at age 18 or license held for six months, whichever comes first
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| Arizona | 15 years and six months, must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 18 licensed for six months
- Both restrictions lifted at age 18 or license held for six months, whichever comes first
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| Arkansas | 14 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 11 p.m.–4 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 21
- Both restrictions lifted at age 18
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| California | 15 years and six months, must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 11 p.m.–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: No passengers younger than age 20 (limited exceptions for immediate family)
- Both restrictions lifted 12 months after license
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| Colorado | 15 years, and must hold permit for 12 months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: No passengers during first six months of permit; after six months, one passenger
- Both restrictions lifted at age 18 or license held for 12 months, whichever comes first
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| Connecticut | 16 years, and must hold permit for six months (with four months of driver’s education) | 16 years, four months | - Nighttime restrictions: 11 p.m.–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: No passengers other than parents or driving instructor in the first six months of licensure; no passengers other than parents, driving instructors, or immediate family members in second six months of licensure
- Both restrictions lifted at age 18 or license held for 12 months, whichever comes first
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| Delaware | 16 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years, six months | - Nighttime restrictions: 10 p.m.–6 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger
- Both restrictions lifted after six months of initial license or issuance of class D license
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| Florida | 15 years, and must hold permit for 12 months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 11 p.m.–6 a.m. for 16-year-olds; 1–5 a.m. for 17-year-olds, lifted at age 18
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| Georgia | 15 years, and must hold permit for 12 months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: No passengers in the first six months of licensure; three passengers and one passenger younger than age 21 after license held for six months
- Both restrictions lifted at age 18
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| Hawaii | 15 years and six months, must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 11 p.m.–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 18 (except household members)
- Both restrictions lifted at age 17 and license held for six months
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| Idaho | 14 years and six months, must hold permit for six months | 15 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 10 p.m.–5 a.m., and lifted at age 16
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 17 for licensees 16 and younger; lifted at age 17, or six months of licensure, whichever comes first
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| Illinois | 15 years, and must hold permit for nine months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 10 p.m.–6 a.m. Sunday through Thursday, 11 p.m.–6 a.m. on Friday and Saturday, lifted at age 18
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 20 within the first 12 months of the permit; lifted at age 18 or license held for 12 months, whichever comes first
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| Indiana | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years and three months | - Nighttime restrictions: 10 p.m.–5 a.m. for the first six months; then Sunday to Friday, 11 p.m.–5 a.m.; Saturday and Sunday 1–5 a.m. until age 18 and license held for six months or age 21, whichever comes first
- Passenger limits: No passengers, lifted after license held for six months or age 21, whichever comes first
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| Iowa | 14 years, and must hold permit for 12 months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 12:30–5 a.m., lifted after age 17 and license held for 12 months or at age 18, whichever comes first
- Passenger limits: Parental discretion
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| Kansas | 14 years, and must hold permit for 12 months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 9 p.m.–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 18
- Both restrictions lifted after age 17 or license held for six months, whichever comes first
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| Kentucky | 16 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years and six months | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–6 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 20 (unless supervised by driving instructor)
- Both restrictions lifted after age 18 or license held for six months, whichever comes first
|
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| Louisiana | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 11 p.m.–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 21 between 6 p.m.–5 a.m.
- Both restrictions lifted at age 17
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|---|
| Maine | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: No passengers younger than age 18
- Both restrictions lifted after licensed for nine months
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| Maryland | 15 years and nine months, must hold permit for nine months | 16 years and six months | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–5 a.m., lifted at age 18
- Passenger limits: No passengers younger than age 18, lifted after age 18 or license held for five months, whichever comes first
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| Massachusetts | 16 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years and six months | - Nighttime restrictions: 12:30–5 a.m., lifted at age 18
- Passenger limits: No passengers younger than age 18, lifted after age 18 or license held for six months, whichever comes first
|
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| Michigan | 14 years and nine months, must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 10 p.m.–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 21
- Both restrictions lifted at age 17 and license held for six months or at age 18, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| Minnesota | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–5 a.m., lifted after age 18 or license held for six months, whichever comes first
- Passenger limits: First six months, one passenger younger than age 20; After six months, three passengers younger than 20; lifted after age 18 or license held for 12 months, whichever comes first
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| Mississippi | 15 years, and must hold permit for 12 months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: Sunday to Thursday, 10 p.m.–6 a.m.; Friday to Saturday, 11:30 p.m.–6 a.m.; lifted after age 18 or license held for six months, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| Missouri | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 1–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: First six months, one passenger younger than age 19; after 6 months, three passengers younger than 19
- Both restrictions lifted after holding license for 12 months
|
|---|
| Montana | 14 years and six months, must hold permit for six months | 15 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 11 p.m.–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: First six months, one passenger younger than age 18; after six months — three passengers younger than 18
- Both restrictions lifted after age 18 or license held for 12 months, whichever comes first
|
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| Nebraska | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–6 a.m., lifted at age 18 or license held for 12 months, whichever comes first
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 19, lifted at age 18 or license held for six months, whichever comes first
|
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| Nevada | 15 years and six months, must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 10 p.m.–5 a.m., lifted at age 18
- Passenger limits: No passengers younger than age 18, lifted at age 18 or license held for six months, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| New Hampshire | 15 years and six months, no mandatory holding period for permit | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 1–4 a.m., lifted at age 18
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 25, lifted after age 18 or license held for six months, whichever comes first
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| New Jersey | 16 years, and must hold permit for six months | 17 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 11 p.m.–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger, with the exception of driver’s dependents
- Both restrictions lifted after age 21 or license held for 12 months, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| New Mexico | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 15 years and six months | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than 21
- Both restrictions lifted after age 18 or license held for 12 months, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| New York | 16 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years and six months | - Nighttime restrictions: 9 p.m.–5 a.m., except for NYC and Long Island
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 21
- Both restrictions lifted at age 17 (with driver’s education) and age 18 (without driver’s education)
|
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| North Carolina | 15 years, and must hold permit for nine months (effective Jan. 1, 2024) | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 9 p.m.–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 21
- Both restrictions lifted after age 18 or license held for six months, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| North Dakota | 14 years, and must hold permit for 12 months (only six months if age 16 and older) | 16 years (15 for a parent-requested restricted license) | - Nighttime restrictions: 9 p.m.–5 a.m. or after sunset, whichever is later, lifted at age 16
|
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| Ohio | 15 years and six months, must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–6 a.m. for the first 12 months; 1–5 a.m. for the second 12 months; lifted after license held for 24 months
- Passenger limits: One passenger for the first 12 months, lifted after license held for 12 months
|
|---|
| Oklahoma | 15 years and six months, must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 10 p.m.–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger
- Both restrictions lifted after licensed for six months (with driver’s education), 12 months (without driver’s education), or age 18
|
|---|
| Oregon | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: No passengers younger than age 20 for the first six months; three passengers younger than 20 for the second six months
- Both restrictions lifted after licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| Pennsylvania | 16 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years and six months | - Nighttime restrictions: 11 p.m.–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: No passengers younger than age 18 for the first six months, then three passengers
- Both restrictions lifted after licensed for 12 months and age 17 (with driver’s education) or age 18, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| Rhode Island | 16 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years and six months | - Nighttime restrictions: 1–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 21
- Both restrictions lifted after licensed for 12 months or age 18, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| South Carolina | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 15 years and six months | - Nighttime restrictions: 6 p.m.–6 a.m.
- Passenger limits: Two passengers younger than age 21, unless transporting students to and from school
- Both restrictions lifted after licensed for 12 months and at age 17
|
|---|
| South Dakota | 14 years, and must hold permit for six months | 14 years and nine months, or 14 years and six months with driver’s education | - Nighttime restrictions: 10 p.m.–6 a.m. until age 16
- Passenger limits: No passengers for the first six months, then one passenger younger than age 18. Lifted after holding license for six months or age 16, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| Tennessee | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 11 p.m.–6 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger
- Both restrictions lifted after holding license for 12 months or age 18, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| Texas | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 21
- Both restrictions lifted at age 18
|
|---|
| Utah | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–5 a.m., lifted at age 17
- Passenger limits: No passengers, lifted after holding license for six months or age 18, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| Vermont | 15 years, and must hold permit for 12 months | 16 years | - Passenger limits: No passengers for the first three months without family exceptions, then no non-family passengers for next two months; lifted after holding license for six months or age 18, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| Virginia | 15 years and six months, must hold permit for nine months | 16 years and three months | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–4 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 21 for the first 12 months, then three passengers younger than 21, lifted at age 18
|
|---|
| Washington | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 1–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: No passengers younger than age 20 for the first six months, then three passengers younger than 20
- Both restrictions lifted after holding license for 12 months or age 18, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| Washington, D.C. | 16 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years and six months | - Nighttime restrictions: September to June, Sunday to Thursday: 11 p.m.–6 a.m., Saturday to Sunday: 12:01–6 a.m.; July to August: 12:01–6 a.m.
- Passenger limits: No passengers
- Both restrictions lifted after age 21 or license held for six months, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| West Virginia | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 10 p.m.–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: No passengers younger than age 20 for the first six months, then one passenger younger than 20
- Both restrictions lifted after holding license for 12 months and age 17 or at age 18, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| Wisconsin | 15 years, and must hold permit for six months | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: Midnight–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger
- Both restrictions lifted after holding license for nine months or at age 18, whichever comes first
|
|---|
| Wyoming | 15 years, and must hold permit for 10 days | 16 years | - Nighttime restrictions: 11 p.m.–5 a.m.
- Passenger limits: One passenger younger than age 18
- Both restrictions lifted after holding license for six months or at age 17, whichever comes first
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